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Isolation and Characterization of Bacteriophages for Neisseria

Bacterial Genetics Laboratory, Venereal Disease Research Laboratory, Venereal Disease Branch, Communicable Disease Center, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Atlanta, Georgia 30333

Sixteen bacteriophages for several strains of Neisseria perflava were isolated from throat washings and lysogenic organisms. The phages are placed into five groups based on serological and host-range characteristics. Group I, host strain C^r, has phages N1, N2, mutant N2c, N5, N6, and N13, N1 is virulent, all others temperate for the host. Plaque size is about 1.5 mm., the largest for Neisseria phages. Group II, host strains S, T and U, has phage N4 and mutant N4c. The neutralizable antigens of these phages are modified when the host is changed. The group III phages, N3, N7, N8, N9 and N11, are temperate for host strain T. Group III A has a single member, N10, which is temperate for its host, strain U. The group IV phages, N12, N155, N159 and N208, were all isolated from strains of N. flavescens on host strain S. Plaque size is about 0.1 mm., the smallest for the phages. All phages within a group are apparently serologically identical. Groups II, III and IIIA are serologically related, the others are distinct. The most remarkable feature is the extremely limited host range of each phage. Since the original chance isolations of the hosts given above, no additional phage-sensitive Neisseria have been found in over 300 strains tested.

^* Now a member of the Staff, Department of Microbiology, San Diego State College, San Diego, California 92115. Research for this paper was conducted while Dr Phelps was a Staff Fellow in the Bacterial Genetics Laboratory.

Trade names are used for identification only and do not represent an endorsement by the Public Health Service or the U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.

Received 13 April 1967; accepted 17 June 1967.