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Inactivation and Reactivation of Semliki Forest Virus by Urea and Guanidine Hydrochloride

Microbiological Research Establishment, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wilts

The inactivation of Semliki Forest virus in solutions of guanidine hydrochloride and urea shows an anomalous dependence on concentration. Under some circumstances the inactivation is reversible. This reactivation is non-cooperative and extracellular and can be induced by incubation at high, or at negligible inactivant concentrations. It is suggested that changes in the surface structure of the virus particle take place before or during inactivation and that modifications of the conformation of the virus are involved in the reversible reactions.

Received 11 June 1971; accepted 19 July 1971.