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Studies on the Cytopathic Effects of Newcastle Disease Virus: Cell Surface Changes

Department of Virology, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Du Cane Road, London, W12, England

Infection of chick embryo and baby hamster kidney cells with the virulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strains HERTS, TEXAS and WARWICK and the mesogenic strain BEAUDETTE C produced a significant reduction in the thickness of the cell coat material. There was a temporal relationship between the reduction in coat thickness, the formation of polykaryocytes by cell fusion, and the release of lysosomal enzymes in cells infected with these strains. No reduction in coat thickness was found in cells infected with the avirulent strains, QUEENSLAND and ULSTER, which did not produce cell fusion. Little lysosomal enzyme release was found in cells infected with these strains. Cell fusion and the reduction in coat thickness in cells infected with the virulent strains were inhibited by treatment of infected cells with anti-NDV serum without impairment of virus replication.

Received 15 November 1971; accepted 24 January 1972.