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Enhancement of Infectivity of Encephalomyocarditis Virus RNA by Amphotericin B Methyl Ester

Division of Clinical Oncology, Departments of Human Oncology and Medicine, University of Wisconsin Center for Health Sciences and William S. Middleton VA Medical Center, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, U.S.A.

The methyl ester of amphotericin B (AmBME), a macrolide polyene antibiotic, enhanced the infectivity of encephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus RNA for L929 cells. AmBME alone (100 µg/ml) resulted in increases in EMC virus RNA infectivity of 10- to 100-fold. Addition of DEAE dextran at concentrations (5 µg/ml), which alone slightly suppressed EMC virus RNA infectivity, further augmented the effects of AmBME (augmentation in infectivity up to 750-fold). AmBME did not inhibit RNase, did not enhance EMC virus infectivity and increased infectivity of EMC virus RNA which was already cell-associated. The polyenes are probably acting by increasing intracellular penetration of polyribonucleotides.

^* Present address: Division of Virology and Hematology, Walter Reed Institute for Medical Research, Washington, D.C. 20012, U.S.A.

Received 26 April 1978; accepted 23 August 1978.