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Comparative Biochemical and Serological Analysis of Five Isolates of a Single Serotype of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus

Animal Virus Research Institute, Pirbright, Working, Surrey, U.K.

A comparison has been made of some of the biochemical and serological characteristics of five isolates of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), serotype A. Three of the viruses have been assigned to the same subtype, A₂₂; the other two belong to different subtypes, A₅ and A₂₄. RNA competition hybridization and two-dimensional electrophoresis of the oligonucleotides produced by ribonuclease T₁ showed that the three A₂₂ viruses formed a group which could be distinguished from the A₅ and A₂₄ viruses. However, the three A₂₂ viruses showed some differences by both tests. Analysis of the virus polypeptides by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis methods also distinguished the A₂₂ viruses as a group distinct from the A₅ and A₂₄ viruses, but small differences within the A₂₂ group were observed using electrofocusing techniques. Serological differences were observed between the viruses using complement fixation tests and by competition radioimmunoassay with antisera obtained from guinea pigs infected with these viruses. The greatest similarity occurred between the viruses previously subtyped as A₂₂, with A₅ and A₂₄ being distinct from the A₂₂ group and from each other. The relationship of the biochemical and serological data is discussed.

Received 17 May 1979; accepted 25 June 1979.

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