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Use of Bovine C1q to Detect Plant Viruses in an Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent-type Assay

MAFF Harpenden Laboratory, Hatching Green, Harpenden, Herts AL5 2BD, U.K.

Polystyrene microtitre plates coated with bovine C1q were used to trap antigen: antibody aggregates of three plant viruses [plum pox virus (PPV), potato virus Y and cocksfoot mild mosaic virus] and human antibody aggregates in an ELISA-type system. The aggregates were detected with alkaline phosphatase-labelled anti-rabbit or anti-human IgG. The assay was as sensitive as the double antibody sandwich method of ELISA for the detection of PPV particles; the limit of detection was 4 to 15 ng virus/ml in purified preparations or a dilution of > 1/1000 in infective Nicotiana clevelandii sap extracts. When used at low dilutions, plant sap of three of the four species tested had an inhibitory effect on the reaction.

Received 21 April 1980; accepted 28 July 1980.