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Cross-protection Correlates with Delayed Antibody Formation to Challenge Virus after Immunization with Sindbis Virus

Department of Microbiology, The University of Tennessee Knoxville, Tennessee 37916, U.S.A.

Mice immunized with Sindbis virus, strains HR (heat-resistant) or AR339, by a dual injection given intracerebrally (i.c.) and intraperitoneally (i.p.) at day zero, were cross-protected from challenge at day 10 with Semliki Forest virus (SFV). Neutralizing and haemagglutination-inhibition antibodies to Sindbis are detected in high titre by day 6 after immunization but no cross-reacting antibodies to SFV were found up to day 42. Immunized mice that were challenged with SFV showed an 8 to 10 day delay in the appearance of antibody to SFV compared to mice that were sham-inoculated. Thus, cross-protection in Sindbis-immunized animals was correlated with a temporary suppression of antibody formation to the challenge virus (SFV), while the appearance of high titre antibody to SFV in sham-immunized mice after challenge with SFV did not protect.

^* To whom reprint requests should be addressed.

Received 29 May 1980; accepted 24 July 1980.