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Latency In vitro using Irradiated Herpes Simplex Virus

Department of Microbiology and Specialized Cancer Research Center, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033 U.S.A.

Human embryonic fibroblasts infected with u.v.-irradiated herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2, strain 186) and maintained at 40.5 °C did not yield detectable virus. Virus synthesis was induced by temperature shift-down to 36.5 °C. The induced virus grew very poorly and was inactivated very rapidly at 40.5 °C. Non-irradiated virus failed to establish latency at 40.5 °C in infected cells. Enhanced reactivation of HSV-2 was observed when latently infected cultures were superinfected with human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) or irradiated with a small dose of u.v. light at the time of temperature shift-down. HCMV did not enhance synthesis of HSV-2 during a normal growth cycle but did enhance synthesis of u.v.-irradiated HSV-2. These observations suggest that in this in vitro latency system, some HSV genomes damaged by u.v. irradiation were maintained in a non-replicating state without being destroyed or significantly repaired.

Received 3 April 1980; accepted 14 August 1980.

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