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Ecotropic and Xenotropic Type C Retroviruses Associated with Reticulum Cell Neoplasms of SJL/J Mice

¹ Viral Oncogenesis Section, Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20205
² National Cancer Institute, Baltimore Cancer Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
³ Department of Human Resources, Washington, D.C., U.S.A.

An ecotropic type C retrovirus (D1-MuLV) isolated from SJL/J mice was injected into neonatally thymectomized SJL/J mice. There was no acceleration of development of reticulum cell neoplasm (RCN) in these mice as compared with the control, uninoculated but similarly thymectomized group. The incidence of RCN at 10 and 11 months after injection was 14.6% and 12.5% respectively. Two female mice inoculated with D1-MuLV developed mammary adenocarcinoma. There was persistence of high titres of the ecotropic virus associated with RCN and mammary tumour of SJL/J mice. Xenotropic virus (X-MuLV) was detected in spleens of normal SJL/J mice at ages 6 and 12 months (60% and 80% respectively) but not at other ages. The X-MuLV isolated from SJL/J mouse embryo cell cultures treated with 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine (SJL-MEF-X-MuLV) and that isolated from a spontaneous RCN (SJL-RCN-X-MuLV) were compared with NZB-X-MuLV (NZB mouse origin) and AT124-X-MuLV (NIH Swiss mouse origin) in regard to their host range, ion and primer-template preference by reverse transcriptase, virus interference and neutralization characteristics. Cross-neutralization and gp70 competitive radio-immunoassays showed that D1-MuLV is more closely related to AKR-MuLV than to Rauscher-MuLV and appears to share some virus envelope antigens with SJL-X-MuLVs. The type-specific gag gene product (p12) from Balb:virus-2 and NZB-X-MuLV was used in competitive radioimmunoassay, and SJL-RCN-X-MuLV was found to be more closely related to Balb:virus-2 (MuLV-X) than to NZB-X-MuLV (MuLV-X).

Keywords: retrovirus, neoplasms, ecotropic, xenotropic

Received 4 March 1981; accepted 20 July 1981.