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Caprine Arthritis-Encephalitis Virus Infection of Caprine Monocytes

Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, U.S.A.

Monocyte-enriched cultures of goat peripheral blood leukocytes were exposed to caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) at an m.o.i. of 8 TCID₅₀ per cell as measured in goat synovial membrane cell cultures. At the time of infection, 90% of the adherent cells displayed characteristic macrophage markers of phagocytic activity and cytoplasmic non-specific esterase. A productive infection was established, with extracellular infectious virus titres reaching a maximum of 10^5.2 TCID₅₀ per ml at day 4 post-infection. Synthesis of CAEV antigens was detected by direct immunofluorescence and it was shown that 85% of the adherent cells contained virus antigen by day 6 post-infection. A cytopathic effect, characterized by giant cell formation and cell death, developed concomitantly with increased virus replication.

Keywords: CAEV, arthritis, monocytes, in vitro

Received 30 July 1981; accepted 14 September 1981.