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Adenovirus–Cell Interactions Early After Infection: In vitro Characteristics and Tumourigenicity of Adenovirus Type 2-transformed Rat Liver Epithelial Cells

Christos Paraskeva

The Cancer Research Campaign Laboratories, Department of Cancer Studies, University of Birmingham, Medical School, Birmingham, B15 2TJ, U.K.

Cloned rat liver epithelial cells (clone C3) were semi-permissive for adenovirus type 2 (Ad-2) and non-permissive for adenovirus type 12 (Ad-12). Ad-2-infected C3 cells were shown to produce hexon and fibre protein, but at an m.o.i. of 20 a maximum virus yield of only 2·4 p.f.u. per cell was obtained. Forty-eight h after infection with Ad-12 ‘early’ virus proteins (major species 8K and 60K), but no ‘late’ proteins (virus structural proteins) could be identified.

Of six Ad-2-transformed epithelial lines isolated from clone C3 only one was tumourigenic in syngeneic rats, whereas all six transformants produced tumours in athymic nude mice. There was a remarkable variation in the morphology of the Ad-2-transformed liver cells, ranging from an epithelial morphology similar to C3 cells to cells with a distinct lymphoid morphology.

The in vitro and in vivo behaviour of the Ad-2-transformed clone C3 cells reported in this communication, taken together with our previous report on the characteristics of Ad-12-transformed C3 cells, clearly show that the differences observed between Ad-2- and Ad-12-transformed rat embryo cells were also observed in our studies using cloned rat liver epithelial cultures. Our findings clearly rule out the hypothesis that the heterogeneity of Ad-2 transformation events is the result of the transformation in vitro of different types of target cell.

Keywords: Ad-2, Ad-12, tumourigenicity, virus–cell interactions

Present address: Imperial Cancer Research Fund, P.O. Box 123, Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3PX, U.K.

Received 6 May 1981; accepted 7 September 1981.