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Three Strains of European Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus are Highly Conserved in the 3'-Termini and Highly Variable in the Genes of Two Capsid Proteins

Max-Planck-Institut für Biochemie, Department of Virology, 8033 Martinsried, Federal Republic of Germany

Restriction enzyme-generated subgenomic fragments of cloned cDNA prepared from RNA of the strain O1 Kaufbeuren (O₁K) of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) were compared qualitatively and quantitatively for sequence complementarity with radioactive RNA from strains C Oberbayern (C_Obb) and A2 Spain (A₂S) in hybridization experiments on nitrocellulose membranes. Quantitative comparison of nucleic acid sequences neighbouring (C_Obb/O₁K) or including (A₂S/O₁K) the 3' end of the virus genomes demonstrated more than 80% homology. In contrast, sequences coding for the capsid proteins VP1 (10%, C_Obb/O₁K; 16 to 21%, A₂S/O₁K) and VP3 (12%, A₂S/O₁K) were remarkably heterologous. Sequences downstream from the gene for VP1, i.e. those coding for non-structural proteins, showed 23 to 51% homology to both RNAs except for the area coding for protein P56a. Here, the observed homology was 82% to C_Obb and 39 to 46% to A₂S.

Keywords: FMDV, hybridization, sequence homology, subgenomic fragments

Received 25 September 1981; accepted 24 November 1981.