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Evidence that Avian Tumour Virus-immune Chicken Sera Recognize Only Viral Structural Antigens on the Surface of Avian Tumour Virus-infected Cells

Louis F. Qualtiere

Paul Meyers

Department of Microbiology, Mayo Clinic Foundation and Mayo Medical School, Rochester, Minnesota 55901, U.S.A.

The specificity of the humoral response of chickens to avian tumour viruses (ATV) was investigated by reacting ATV-immune sera with Triton X-100 extracts of uninfected, infected and transformed chicken embryo fibroblasts. Analysis of these immune reactions by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that avian leukosis virus-challenged and Rous sarcoma virus-challenged chickens recognized only two major cell surface antigens of 100000 and 29000 mol. wt. which were present on transformed and non-transformed virus-producing cells. No labelled antigens were precipitated from uninfected cells or transformed cells producing the envelope-defective mutant RSV(-). The antigens were shown to be related to the major envelope glycoproteins of the virus and to contain group-specific determinants common to ATV subgroups B and C. No group-specific determinants common to ATV subgroups A and B or subgroups A and C were detected. Chickens were found to have a strong antibody response to the 100000 and 29000 mol. wt. proteins prior to and during tumour rejection, even in the absence of neutralizing antibody to the challenge virus. No tumour-specific surface antigen distinct from the virion structural antigens was detected by any of the immune chicken sera on any of the transformed cells tested.

Keywords: ATV, chicken, antigens, cell surface

Present address: Department of Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 0W0, Canada.

Present address: Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, State University of New York, Upstate Medical Center, Syracuse, N.Y. 13210, U.S.A.

Received 11 May 1983; accepted 1 July 1983.