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Inhibition of Herpes Simplex Virus Replication by Cobra -Neurotoxoid

Departments of Microbiology, Medicine and Pathology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33101, U.S.A.

A peptide, prepared by gentle oxidative detoxification of a methionine-free cobra -neurotoxin, was evaluated for antiviral activities in vivo and in vitro. When added to BHK cells before infection the peptide reduced herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1)-induced TCD₅₀ in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The antiviral effect was also expressed on initiation of cell treatment 1 h after infection if the peptide was left in contact with cells. Single, intracerebral doses of the toxoid in suckling mice significantly increased 50% survival times, and reduced virus replication in the infected brain tissues. Cutaneous lesions and resultant scar formation induced by HSV-1 in hairless mice were also significantly reduced by subcutaneous peptide injections.

Keywords: HSV-1 inhibition, cobra -neurotoxoid, antiviral activity, replication

Received 6 October 1982; accepted 1 February 1983.