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Lactate Dehydrogenase-elevating Virus

¹ Public Health Laboratory, New Writtle Street, Chelmsford, Essex CM2 0QH
and² Animal Virus Research Institute, Pirbright, Surrey GU24 0NF, U.K.

Introduction. Lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus (LDV) was discovered 25 years ago by Dr Vernon Riley and his colleagues during their work on plasma enzyme levels in tumour-bearing mice (Riley et al., 1960). They found that transplantable tumours of many types caused a five- to ten-fold increase in plasma lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity within 3 days of transplantation and before the tumours were clinically obvious. To produce this dramatic increase in plasma enzyme level it was not necessary to transplant cells; cell-free plasma from tumour-bearing mice was equally effective. The raised enzyme level could be serially transmitted from mouse to mouse and proved to be caused by a virus which replicated rapidly in mouse macrophages. Very high titres of viral infectivity (10⁹ ID₅₀/ml) are present in the plasma 24 h after infection, and a stable viraemia at a lower level (10⁴ ID₅₀/ml) is established after 7 to 10 days.

Keywords: LDV, pathogenesis, replication, biology

Dr Vernon Riley died last year in Seattle, U.S.A. and we would like to dedicate this paper, on a virus which some people have called Riley virus, to his memory.