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J Gen Virol 66 (1985), 2335-2345; DOI 10.1099/0022-1317-66-11-2335
© 1985 Society for General Microbiology
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Infection of Cultured Human Muscle Cells by Influenza Virus

L. S. Klavinskis1,{dagger}, S. Patterson2, P. J. Whiting1,{ddagger}, H. N. A. Willcox1, J. S. Oxford3 and J. Newsom-Davis1

1 Department of Neurological Science, Royal Free Hospital, London NW3 2QG,
2 Electron Microscopy Research Group, Clinical Research Centre, Harrow HA1 3UJ
and3 Division of Viral Products, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, London NW3 6RB, U.K.

In a search for myotropic viruses with a potential to initiate muscle autoimmunity, we found that two strains of influenza A virus, A/England/863/78 (H3N2) and the reassortant virus X-47 (H3N2), could infect human syncytial myotubes lytically. The X-47 strain could, in addition, infect unicellular precursor myoblasts. Intracellular viral protein synthesis was demonstrated by pulse-labelling studies in both cell types with both virus strains. By immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy, viral antigens were demonstrated in infected muscle cells specifically identified by double staining with monoclonal antibodies to either of two independent muscle-specific antigens. However, using ‘co-capping’ techniques in conjunction with electron microscopy, there was no evidence of association between viral haemagglutinin and the acetylcholine receptor (one major target of autoimmunity to muscle cells) on the infected cell membrane.

Keywords: influenza virus, muscle cultures, autoimmunity, abortive infection

{dagger} Present address: Department of Immunology, Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation, 10666, North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, U.S.A.

{ddagger} Present address: c/o Salk Institute San Diego, California 92138, U.S.A.

Received 21 February 1985; accepted 2 August 1985.




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Copyright © 1985 by the Society for General Microbiology.