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Baculovirus Replication: Uptake of Trichoplusia ni Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus Particles by Insect Cells

D. C. Kelly

Natural Environment Research Council, Institute of Virology, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3SR, U.K.

The uptake of two forms of Trichoplusia ni multiple nucleocapsid nuclear polyhedrosis virus by Spodoptera frugiperda cells in culture has been evaluated. Subtle differences in the Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺ requirements for the uptake of cell-released virus (CRV) and polyhedron-derived virus (PDV) exist; otherwise, both forms of the virus appeared similar in their mode of uptake. Entry occurs by fusion of the plasma membrane of the cell with the envelope surrounding the virus nucleocapsid at neutral pH. The receptor turnover for the virus probably occurs rapidly since saturation of receptor sites for the virus was not achieved. The binding and penetration of the virus, and the uncoating and transport of the viral genome to the nucleus is rapid. Uncoating occurs predominantly in the cytoplasm. The lower infectivity of PDV, compared with CRV, for cells in culture may happen because this form of the virus accumulates in cell vacuoles and is unable to proceed with infection.

Keywords: baculovirus uptake, binding, penetration, uncoating

Present address: Chemical Defence Establishment. Porton Down, Salisbury, Wilts. SP4 OQJ, U.K.

Received 5 April 1984; accepted 31 October 1984.