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Live Lactate Dehydrogenase-elevating Virus (LDV) Induces Suppressor T Cells that Inhibit the Development of Delayed Hypersensitivity to LDV

T. Inada

Department of Microbiology, Guy's Hospital Medical School, U.M.D.S., London Bridge, London SE1 9RT, U.K.

A strong delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response to lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus (LDV) in mice was induced by immunization with u.v.- or heat-inactivated virus by the intravenous, intraperitoneal and especially the subcutaneous route. The peak DTH response was seen 7 days after immunization. Live virus, in contrast, did not induce a DTH response in young (1- to 3-month-old) mice irrespective of inoculation route, except after pretreatment with cyclophosphamide (CY), when the response peaked at 14 days. Live virus, however, induced a significant DTH response in old mice (>8 months) without CY. The DTH response to inactivated virus was reduced when live virus was given intraperitoneally at the same time, but was partially restored when Ia-positive peritoneal cells were also given intravenously. The DTH response induced in infected mice pretreated with CY was suppressed by injection of spleen cells from infected or from normal 1- to 3-month-old mice. Suppression by normal spleen cells was abolished by treatment with anti-Thy1.2, anti-Lyt1 and anti-Lyt2 plus complement, whereas suppression by spleen cells from infected mice was prevented by anti-Thy1.2 and anti-Lyt2 plus complement. It is concluded that suppression of the DTH response was associated with induction of suppressor T cells and that severe depletion of Ia-positive cells may also have played a part.

Keywords: LDV, T suppressor cells, DTH response

Present address: Central Virus Diagnostic Laboratory, National Institute of Health, 4-7-1, Gakuen, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, 190-12 Japan.

Received 16 January 1986; accepted 16 June 1986.

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