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Expression of Bluetongue Virus Group-specific Antigen VP3 in Insect Cells by a Baculovirus Vector: Its Use for the Detection of Bluetongue Virus Antibodies

¹ NERC Institute of Virology, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3SR, U.K.
and² Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Alabama in Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, U.S.A.

DNA representing RNA segment 3 of bluetongue virus (BTV) serotype 17, corresponding to the gene that codes for a group-specific antigen VP3, has been inserted into a baculovirus transfer vector in lieu of the 5' coding region of the polyhedrin gene of Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcNPV). After cotransfection of Spodoptera frugiperda cells with wild-type AcNPV DNA in the presence of the derived recombinant transfer vector DNA, polyhedrin-negative recombinant baculoviruses were recovered. When S. frugiperda cells were infected with one of these recombinant viruses, a protein that was similar in size and antigenic properties to the BTV VP3 protein was synthesized. Antibodies raised in mice or rabbits to the baculovirus-expressed VP3 protein immunoprecipitated the VP3 protein of BTV-17 as well as that of BTV-10. The expressed antigen reacted with antisera representing four U.S.A. BTV serotypes in an indirect ELISA test.

Keywords: BTV, baculovirus, antigen VP3

Received 28 November 1986; accepted 18 March 1987.

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