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Antigenic Structure of Human Interferon 1 (Interferon _II1): Comparison with Other Human Interferons

Ernst Boehringer-Institut für Arzneimittelforschung, Department of Biotechnology, Dr. Boehringer-Gasse 5-11, A-1121 Vienna, Austria

Recombinant human interferon (IFN) 1 (IFN-_II1) was compared with other human IFNs with regard to antigenic structure, using polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies. Antisera to recombinant IFN-1 or IFN-2c cross-neutralized the antiviral activity of other species of IFN-, but not that of IFN-1. Antisera to IFN- or IFN- likewise had no effect on IFN-1. Conversely, antiserum to IFN-1 did not neutralize any of the other IFNs examined (IFN-1, -2c, -10, -B, -F, -, -). None of four monoclonal antibodies to IFN-, including a broad-spectrum antibody that neutralized all five recombinant species of IFN- tested, had any effect on the biological activity of IFN-1. Various immunoassays for IFN- did not recognize IFN-1. In immunoprecipitation experiments, radiolabelled IFN-2c was not precipitated by antiserum to IFN-1. In contrast, antisera to human leukocyte IFN or ‘lymphoblastoid’ IFN did neutralize IFN-1, although with titres significantly lower than those towards the immunogen or recombinant species of IFN-. In conclusion, human IFN-1 is antigenically different from human IFN-, IFN- or IFN-, but is a component of ‘natural’ mixtures of IFN species produced by virus-induced leukocytes or Burkitt's lymphoma cells.

Keywords: interferon (HuIFN-1), antigenic structure, human interferon

Received 9 December 1986; accepted 5 March 1987.

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