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Measles Virus Fusion Protein Presented in an Immune-stimulating Complex (Iscom) Induces Haemolysis-inhibiting and Fusion-inhibiting Antibodies, Virus-specific T Cells and Protection in Mice

¹ Department of Immunobiology, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Hygiene, P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven
² Department of Molecular Cell Biology, State University of Utrecht, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands
and³ National Veterinary Institute, S-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden

Immune-stimulating complexes (iscoms), which have recently been shown to be highly effective for the antigenic presentation of membrane proteins of viruses, were prepared with affinity-purified fusion (F) protein of measles virus (MV), using an adaptation of the standard method for iscom preparation. Immunization of monkeys with the F iscom preparation induced biologically active anti-F protein antibodies as was shown in haemolysis inhibition and cell-cell fusion inhibition tests. A whole MV iscom preparation, which also contained the haemagglutinin protein, induced not only haemolysis-inhibiting antibodies, but, in contrast to the F iscom preparation, also haemagglutination-inhibiting and virus-neutralizing antibodies. In addition the F iscom preparation was shown to activate measles virus-specific T cells in mice. This was demonstrated by the generation of an MV-specific delayed type hypersensitivity response in F iscom-immunized animals and by the isolation of T cell clones specific for MV F protein with the T helper phenotype. Vaccination of mice with MV iscom or F iscom protected them from MV-induced fatal encephalopathy. The data concerning the immunogenicity of MV proteins presented in iscoms are discussed in relation to their potential for the development of an inactivated measles vaccine.

Keywords: measles virus, fusion protein, immune-stimulating complex

Received 24 June 1987; accepted 27 October 1987.

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