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Appearance of Influenza A Virus Antigenic Variants after Treatment of Infected MDCK Cells with Human Leukocytes

¹ Department of Virology, Osaka City Institute of Public Health and Environmental Sciences, Osaka 543
and² Department of Bacteriology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata 951, Japan

Exudation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) from the infected mucosa is a characteristic feature of influenza virus infection. Since reactive oxygen species generated by PMN can be strong mutagens, the possibility of production of antigenic variants of the virus by virus-PMN interaction was investigated. Cloned influenza A NWS (H1N1) virus multiplying in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells was treated with human peripheral PMN. Assays in the presence and absence of monoclonal antibody to the cloned virus showed a seven- to ten-fold increase in the frequency of variants in the presence of PMN. The mutagenic effect was abolished by addition of superoxide dismutase to the culture.

Keywords: influenza A virus, antigenic variation, polymorphonuclear leukocytes

Received 25 January 1988; accepted 5 May 1988.