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Primary Multiplication Site of the Vaccinia-rabies Glycoprotein Recombinant Virus Administered to Foxes by the Oral Route

¹ Department of Virology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, 45 rue des Vétérinaires, B-1070 Brussels
² Service de la Rage, Institut Pasteur du Brabant, 28 rue du Remorqueur, B-1040 Brussels, Belgium
³ Rhône-Mérieux, Laboratoire IFFA, 254 rue Marcel Mérieux, F-69007 Lyon
⁴ Centre National d'Etudes Vétérinaires et Alimentaires, Centre National d'Etudes sur la Rage et la Pathologie des Animaux Sauvages, Ministère de l'Agriculture, B.P. No. 9, F-54220 Malzéville
and⁵ Transgène S.A., 11 rue de Molsheim, F-67082 Strasbourg, France

The primary multiplication site of VVTGgRAB, a recombinant vaccinia virus (VV) expressing the rabies virus G glycoprotein, was studied in comparison with that of the parental VV Copenhagen strain, after oral administration to foxes. Foxes were fed with 10⁸ TCID₅₀ of either VVTGgRAB or VV and were sacrificed 12, 24, 48 or 96 h after inoculation. Both viruses were detected by viral isolation in the tonsils during the first 48 h after inoculation at titres between 10² and 10^4.3 TCID₅₀/ml. Indirect immunofluorescence confirmed the presence of the virus in tonsils of some of the foxes. The polymerase chain reaction allowed the detection of VVTGgRAB in the tonsils of both of two foxes tested after 24 h, three of three foxes after 48 h, in the buccal mucosa of one of two foxes tested after 24 h and two of three foxes after 48 h and in the soft palate of one of two foxes tested after 24 h and one of three foxes after 48 h. VV was detected in the tonsils of one fox tested after 48 h, in the buccal mucosa of another fox tested after 24 h, and in the first fox after 48 h by the same reaction. Foxes were inoculated with virus isolated from fox tonsils 24 h after oral administration (with or without cell culture amplification) to perform back passages. No virus could be isolated in either case after this passage. The innocuity of VVTGgRAB was also demonstrated when foxes were inoculated with passaged virus.

Received 16 May 1989; accepted 11 September 1989.

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