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Differentiation of vaccine and wild mumps viruses using the polymerase chain reaction and dideoxynucleotide sequencing

Division of Virology, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Blanche Lane, South Mimms, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire EN6 3QG, U.K.

Parts of the F gene from 16 mumps viruses derived from vaccines and clinical isolates were amplified using the polymerase chain reaction and their nucleotide sequences were determined. Over a region of 111 nucleotides, eight regions of variability were detected with a maximum of six (5.4%) changes occurring between any two virus strains. The Jeryl Lynn and Urabe vaccine strains were clearly different from each other and from wild virus isolated from cases of nonvaccine-associated mumps. In contrast, viruses isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid and throat in cases of meningitis and parotitis following vaccination with the Urabe strain were identical to this strain. We conclude that the vaccine was the source of these infections.

Received 26 October 1989; accepted 13 December 1989.