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The Particle Size Of Hepatitis C Virus Estimated By Filtration Through Microporous Regenerated Cellulose Fibre

¹ Laboratory of Hepatitis Viruses II, Department of Enteroviruses, National Institute of Health, 2-10-35 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141
² Asahi Chemical Industries Co. Ltd., 1-1-1 Uchisaiwaicho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100
and³ Hokkaido Red Cross Blood Center, Yamanote 2-2, Nishi-ku, Sapporo 063, Japan

To estimate the particle size of hepatitis C virus (HCV), a major causative agent of post-transfusion non-A, non-B hepatitis, we filtered plasma or serum samples through microporous cellulose fibres with different pore sizes. The amount of HCV particles in samples before and after filtration was determined by a quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Since there is no quantitative biological assay for HCV, except for that in chimpanzees, the HCV titre obtained from the PCR method was used in an equation constructed previously for application to filtration experiments with a flavivirus which is distantly related to HCV. The particle was estimated to be between 30 and 38 nm in diameter, although the possibility remained that larger HCV particles or HCV aggregates with a diameter of more than 39 nm might exist. Double-step filtration through microporous cellulose fibres with a pore size of 35 nm reduced the HCV content to below levels detectable by our PCR method, indicating that it is possible to eliminate HCV particles by simple filtration techniques.

Received 14 January 1991; accepted 17 April 1991.

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