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J Gen Virol 74 (1993), 1795-1804; DOI 10.1099/0022-1317-74-9-1795
© 1993 Society for General Microbiology
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Sequence determination of the nucleocapsid protein gene of the porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus confirms that this virus is a coronavirus related to human coronavirus 229E and porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus

Anne Bridgen1,{dagger}, Mariela Duarte2, Kurt Tobler1, Hubert Laude2 and Mathias Ackermann1

1 Institut für Virologie, Veterinärmedizinische Fakultät, Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 266a, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
and2 I.N.R.A., Unité de Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires, CR de Jouy-en-Josas, 78352 Jouy-en-Josas Cedex, France

The nucleotide sequence of 1.7 kbp cDNA, comprising the region nearest the 3' end of the genome of the porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV), has been independently determined for two European isolates of PEDV. Almost identical results were obtained for the two isolates, which were derived from cases of PEDV infection in Belgium and Britain in 1977 and 1987, respectively. The sequences contained a 1323 nucleotide (nt) open reading frame (ORF), which showed moderate identity to the nucleocapsid (N) gene of other coronaviruses. The greatest similarity at both the nucleic acid and protein levels was to the human coronavirus 229E. The PEDV N gene was, however, notably larger than that of the human 229E and porcine transmissible gastroenteritis viruses. This reflects the presence of a putative insertion of approximately 135 nt located towards the middle of the N gene. A second 336 nt ORF, which might encode a leucine-rich protein similar to, but shorter than, the bovine coronavirus internal protein was found within the PEDV N gene. Several RNA motifs typical of coronaviruses were also observed. These results confirm the earlier provisional classification of PEDV as a coronavirus.

{dagger} Present address: Institute of Virology, Church Street, Glasgow G11 5JR, U.K.

Received 26 February 1993; accepted 30 April 1993.


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