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Tumour necrosis factor- production during cytomegalovirus infection in immunosuppressed rats

¹ Virology Division, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Veterinary Faculty, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht
and² Department of Immunology and Medical Microbiology, TNO Medical Biological Laboratory, Postbus 5815, 2280 HV Rijswijk, The Netherlands

The production of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-, interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-6, all proinflammatory cytokines, was investigated in radiation-immunosuppressed rats infected with rat cytomegalovirus (RCMV). At day 7 post-infection, when the animals showed disease signs, high TNF- levels were detected in the serum and in homogenates of various organ tissues. In contrast, IL-1 and IL-6 levels were not significantly elevated. Moreover, replication of RCMV induced TNF- expression in different types of cells grown in vitro. When frozen tissue sections were examined by immunohistology, TNF--producing cells were found in areas with extensive pathology in the lungs, spleen and liver. Both lymphocytes and RCMV-infected cells were identified as the sources of TNF-. Its abundance in RCMV-infected rats suggests an important role for TNF- in CMV pathogenesis.

Received 7 September 1993; accepted 4 November 1993.

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