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Institute for Animal Health, AFRC and MRC Neuropathogenesis Unit, Ogston Building, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JF, U.K.
Man and sheep are the two species in which spongiform encephalopathies occur naturally, and in which there are recognized genetic components that predispose an individual person or sheep to clinical disease. In both species mutations/polymorphisms in the PrP gene have been linked to the incidence of natural disease, but only in sheep is it possible to investigate by deliberate exposure to infection whether these polymorphisms are directly correlated with survival time. Cheviot sheep of different PrP genotypes were challenged with one of two isolates of scrapie or an isolate of bovine spongiform encephalopathy and the survival time and incidence of disease were monitored. Genotype analysis showed that dimorphisms in codons 136 and 171 of the ovine PrP gene correlated with control of disease incidence and modulation of incubation time. Crucially, the functional effects of these domains of PrP were shown to alternate depending on the isolate of infecting agent.
Received 4 October 1993;
accepted 10 December 1993.
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K. Kaneko, L. Zulianello, M. Scott, C. M. Cooper, A. C. Wallace, T. L. James, F. E. Cohen, and S. B. Prusiner Evidence for protein X binding to a discontinuous epitope on the cellular prion protein during scrapie prion propagation PNAS, September 16, 1997; 94(19): 10069 - 10074. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. Bossers, P. B. G. M. Belt, G. J. Raymond, B. Caughey, R. de Vries, and M. A. Smits Scrapie susceptibility-linked polymorphisms modulate the in vitro conversion of sheep prion protein to protease-resistant forms PNAS, May 13, 1997; 94(10): 4931 - 4936. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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