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1 Laboratory of Gene Analysis, Department of Viral Oncology, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606
2 Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108
and3 Department of Virology I, National Institute of Health, Tokyo 162, Japan
A strain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 that is strictly tropic for primary human blood cell cultures was constructed in vitro. Mutational studies on the vif, vpr, vpu and nef genes of this virus were performed to evaluate their biological functions in natural target cells. For this purpose, replication properties of mutant viruses in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and macrophages (PBMPs) were determined. Three phenotypes with respect to virus replication were noticed: normal or mildly retarded growth (nef and vpr mutants), impaired growth (vpu mutant), and no growth (vif mutant). These results suggest that the Vif and Vpu proteins are more important than the Nef and Vpr proteins for virus replication in PBMCs and PBMPs.
Received 17 December 1993;
accepted 12 March 1994.
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