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The Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research at Cornell University, Tower Road, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
Enhancins are baculovirus proteins capable of enhancing infections in insect larvae by other baculoviruses. We have identified the enhancin proteins in four species of granulovirus (GV). In this paper we describe the cloning and sequencing of the enhancin genes of the Pseudaletia unipuncta granulovirus-Hawaiian strain (PsunGV-H) and the Helicoverpa (Heliothis) armigera granulovirus (HearGV). The PsunGV-H enhancin gene is virtually identical to the previously characterized Trichoplusia ni GV (TnGV) enhancin gene. In contrast, a comparison of the predicted amino acid sequences of TnGV enhancin (901 amino acids) and HearGV enhancin (902 amino acids) revealed an overall identity of only 80%, with greater conservation (88%) from amino acids 1–550. Primer extension analysis of enhancin RNAs identified the baculovirus late promoter motif that serves as the transcriptional start site in the HearGV enhancin gene. It is located three nucleotides from the putative enhancin translational initiator codon. RNase protection analysis demonstrated that both read-through and termination occur at the 3' end of the gene. Since a partial open reading frame (ORF) was identified immediately down-stream of the 3' end of the enhancin ORF, these data suggested that a sizeable fraction of the enhancin mRNAs may be bi-cistronic and share a common 3' end with a downstream transcription unit.
* Author for correspondence. Fax +1 607 254 1242. e-mail RG28@CORNELL.EDU
Present address: GenVec Inc., 12111 Park Lawn Drive, Rockville, MD 20852, USA.
Present address: Lederle Praxis Biologicals, 211 Bailey Road, West Henrietta, NY 14856, USA.
Received 21 February 1995;
accepted 12 July 1995.
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