| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
1 Diagnostic Laboratory, New York State College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14852-5786, USA
and2 Institute of Virology, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Veterinary Faculty, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands
Three murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) that neutralize equine arteritis virus (EAV) infectivity were identified and characterized. The antibodies, 93B, 74D(B) and 38F, recognized the major envelope glycoprotein (GL) encoded by open reading frame (ORF) 5 in immunoblots and by immunoprecipitation. All three MAbs were used to compare the Bucyrus isolate of EAV and MAb neutralization-resistant (NR) escape mutants with the vaccine virus and 19 independent field isolates of EAV by virus neutralization. The different abilities of the MAbs to neutralize virus isolates indicated that they recognize non-identical epitopes. Susceptibility to virus neutralization could not be used to distinguish viruses from acutely and persistently infected horses. Comparison of the ORF 5 nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence from NR and neutralization-sensitive virus isolates revealed amino acid sequence changes at positions 99 and 100 which correlate with the NR phenotype. Additional unique changes in the amino acid sequence of MAb NR viruses at positions 96 and 113 may also contribute to neutralization resistance. The sequence data further showed that the Bucyrus-derived viruses contain one N-glycosylation site, whereas the field isolates DL8 and DL11 possess two sites, both of which are used. Most of the non-conservative amino acid sequence changes were located within the second half of the N-terminal hydrophilic domain. Sequence changes within the first half of the N-terminal ectodomain, the predicted transmembrane domain and the C-terminal hydrophilic domain were mainly silent base substitutions or resulted in conservative amino acid substitutions, suggesting that these regions of the protein are functionally conserved.
* Author for correspondence. Fax +1 607 253 3943. e-mail ejd5@cornell.edu
Present address: Institute of Virology, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Veterinary Faculty, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Received 10 March 1995;
accepted 5 May 1995.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  Z. Lu, A. J. Branscum, K. M. Shuck, J. Zhang, E. J. Dubovi, P. J. Timoney, and U. B.R. Balasuriya Comparison of two real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays for the detection of Equine arteritis virus nucleic acid in equine semen and tissue culture fluid J Vet Diagn Invest, March 1, 2008; 20(2): 147 - 155. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 Y. Y. Go, S. J. Wong, A. J. Branscum, V. L. Demarest, K. M. Shuck, M. L. Vickers, J. Zhang, W. H. McCollum, P. J. Timoney, and U. B. R. Balasuriya Development of a Fluorescent-Microsphere Immunoassay for Detection of Antibodies Specific to Equine Arteritis Virus and Comparison with the Virus Neutralization Test Clin. Vaccine Immunol., January 1, 2008; 15(1): 76 - 87. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 U. B. R. Balasuriya, E. J. Snijder, H. W. Heidner, J. Zhang, J. C. Zevenhoven-Dobbe, J. D. Boone, W. H. McCollum, P. J. Timoney, and N. J. MacLachlan Development and characterization of an infectious cDNA clone of the virulent Bucyrus strain of Equine arteritis virus J. Gen. Virol., March 1, 2007; 88(3): 918 - 924. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Wieringa, A. A. F. de Vries, J. van der Meulen, G.-J. Godeke, J. J. M. Onderwater, H. van Tol, H. K. Koerten, A. M. Mommaas, E. J. Snijder, and P. J. M. Rottier Structural Protein Requirements in Equine Arteritis Virus Assembly J. Virol., December 1, 2004; 78(23): 13019 - 13027. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
U. B. R. Balasuriya, J. F. Hedges, V. L. Smalley, A. Navarrette, W. H. McCollum, P. J. Timoney, E. J. Snijder, and N. J. MacLachlan Genetic characterization of equine arteritis virus during persistent infection of stallions J. Gen. Virol., February 1, 2004; 85(2): 379 - 390. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Castillo-Olivares, R. Wieringa, T. Bakonyi, A. A. F. de Vries, N. J. Davis-Poynter, and P. J. M. Rottier Generation of a Candidate Live Marker Vaccine for Equine Arteritis Virus by Deletion of the Major Virus Neutralization Domain J. Virol., August 1, 2003; 77(15): 8470 - 8480. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. H. J. Wissink, H. A. R. van Wijk, M. V. Kroese, E. Weiland, J. J. M. Meulenberg, P. J. M. Rottier, and P. A. van Rijn The major envelope protein, GP5, of a European porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus contains a neutralization epitope in its N-terminal ectodomain J. Gen. Virol., June 1, 2003; 84(6): 1535 - 1543. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. J. Snijder, J. C. Dobbe, and W. J. M. Spaan Heterodimerization of the Two Major Envelope Proteins Is Essential for Arterivirus Infectivity J. Virol., January 1, 2003; 77(1): 97 - 104. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Jeronimo and D. Archambault Importance of M-Protein C Terminus as Substrate Antigen for Serodetection of Equine Arteritis Virus Infection Clin. Vaccine Immunol., May 1, 2002; 9(3): 698 - 703. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
U. B. R. Balasuriya, H. W. Heidner, J. F. Hedges, J. C. Williams, N. L. Davis, R. E. Johnston, and N. J. MacLachlan Expression of the Two Major Envelope Proteins of Equine Arteritis Virus as a Heterodimer Is Necessary for Induction of Neutralizing Antibodies in Mice Immunized with Recombinant Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus Replicon Particles J. Virol., November 15, 2000; 74(22): 10623 - 10630. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. Weiland, S. Bolz, F. Weiland, W. Herbst, M. J. B. Raamsman, P. J. M. Rottier, and A. A. F. De Vries Monoclonal Antibodies Directed against Conserved Epitopes on the Nucleocapsid Protein and the Major Envelope Glycoprotein of Equine Arteritis Virus J. Clin. Microbiol., June 1, 2000; 38(6): 2065 - 2075. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. C. van Dinten, H. van Tol, A. E. Gorbalenya, and E. J. Snijder The Predicted Metal-Binding Region of the Arterivirus Helicase Protein Is Involved in Subgenomic mRNA Synthesis, Genome Replication, and Virion Biogenesis J. Virol., June 1, 2000; 74(11): 5213 - 5223. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. van Marle, J. C. Dobbe, A. P. Gultyaev, W. Luytjes, W. J. M. Spaan, and E. J. Snijder Arterivirus discontinuous mRNA transcription is guided by base pairing between sense and antisense transcription-regulating sequences PNAS, October 12, 1999; 96(21): 12056 - 12061. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. J. Snijder, H. van Tol, K. W. Pedersen, M. J. B. Raamsman, and A. A. F. de Vries Identification of a Novel Structural Protein of Arteriviruses J. Virol., August 1, 1999; 73(8): 6335 - 6345. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T Stadejek, H Bjorklund, C. Bascunana, I. Ciabatti, M. Scicluna, D Amaddeo, W. McCollum, G. Autorino, P. Timoney, D. Paton, et al. Genetic diversity of equine arteritis virus J. Gen. Virol., March 1, 1999; 80(3): 691 - 699. [Abstract]
|
|
|
|
|
|
K. W. Pedersen, Y. van der Meer, N. Roos, and E. J. Snijder Open Reading Frame 1a-Encoded Subunits of the Arterivirus Replicase Induce Endoplasmic Reticulum-Derived Double-Membrane Vesicles Which Carry the Viral Replication Complex J. Virol., March 1, 1999; 73(3): 2016 - 2026. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. C. van Dinten, S. Rensen, A. E. Gorbalenya, and E. J. Snijder Proteolytic Processing of the Open Reading Frame 1b-Encoded Part of Arterivirus Replicase Is Mediated by nsp4 Serine Protease and Is Essential for Virus Replication J. Virol., March 1, 1999; 73(3): 2027 - 2037. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. van der Meer, H. van Tol, J. Krijnse Locker, and E. J. Snijder ORF1a-Encoded Replicase Subunits Are Involved in the Membrane Association of the Arterivirus Replication Complex J. Virol., August 1, 1998; 72(8): 6689 - 6698. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. C. van Dinten, J. A. den Boon, A. L. M. Wassenaar, W. J. M. Spaan, and E. J. Snijder An infectious arterivirus cDNA clone: Identification of a replicase point mutation that abolishes discontinuous mRNA transcription PNAS, February 4, 1997; 94(3): 991 - 996. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| INT J SYST EVOL MICROBIOL | MICROBIOLOGY | J GEN VIROL |
| J MED MICROBIOL | ALL SGM JOURNALS | |
