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J Gen Virol 77 (1996), 1139-1143; DOI 10.1099/0022-1317-77-6-1139
© 1996 Society for General Microbiology
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Human papillomavirus type 16 in infants: use of DNA sequence analyses to determine the source of infection

Jeremy N. Kaye1, William G. Starkey1, Barbara Kell1, Chandrima Biswas2, K. Shanti Raju2, Jennifer M. Best1 and John Cason1,*

The1 Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Virology, Department of Virology, The Rayne Institute
and2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, United Medical and Dental Schools of Guys and St Thomas', St Thomas' Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London SE1 7EH, UK

Perinatal transmission of human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) and persistence of virus DNA in infants until 6 months of age has been described. To confirm the origin of infant infections as maternal, we determined the nucleotide sequence of the upstream regulatory region (URR; bp 7540 to 157) of HPV-16 in samples from 13 HPV-16 DNA-positive mothers and their infants at 6 weeks and 2 years of age. Identical HPV-16 variant URR sequences were found in two mother/infant samples and similar variants were found in three sets. Four mothers with samples which contained prototypic HPV-16 sequences delivered infants who also had the prototypic sequence. Four mothers with variant URRs delivered infants who harboured either prototypic or different URR variants. Thus, concordant variants or prototypic sequences were detected in nine of 13 mother/infant samples, indicating that up to 69.2% of HPV-16-positive infants acquire virus from their mothers.

* Author for correspondence. Fax +44 171 928 0730.

Received 21 November 1995; accepted 18 January 1996.




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