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Switches in the mode of transmission select for or against a poorly aphid-transmissible strain of potato virus Y with reduced helper component and virus accumulation

Thierry Legavre^1,

Francine Casse-Delbart^1,

¹ Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire, INRA, 78026 Versailles Cedex, France
² Institut Jacques Monod, 2 Place Jussieu - Tour 43, 75251 Paris Cedex 05, France

A poorly aphid-transmissible potato virus Y (PVY-PAT) variant emerged after several cycles of mechanical transmission of an initially aphid-transmissible (AT) isolate. Sequence analysis of the N-terminal region of the helper component-proteinase (HC-Pro) gene revealed a Lys to Glu change at a position previously found to abolish the HC-Pro aphid transmission activity in several potyviruses. Two cycles of aphid transmission allowed the virus population to evolve towards an AT form (PVY-ATnew) where a Glu to Lys change was observed. PVY-PAT produced lower amounts of coat protein and the accumulation of its HC-Pro in infected plants decreased from 7 to 28 days post-inoculation, as compared to PVY-ATnew. RT-PCR and restriction analysis showed that the two virus populations co-existed in the PVY-AT isolate and that the AT form was counter-selected during mechanical transmission. These observations suggest that the Lys to Glu substitution leads to decreased stability of HC-Pro resulting in poor transmissions by aphids, and further strengthen the idea that HC-Pro is involved in the accumulation of potyvirus in infected plants.

Present address: CIRAD-BIOTROP, BP5035, 34032 Montpellier Cedex, France.

Present address: INRA-ENSAM, 34060 Montpellier, France.

Received 9 February 1996; accepted 12 March 1996.

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