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1 Forschungsschwerpunkt Angewandte Tumorvirologie, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 242, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
2 Institut für Virologie der Universität zu Köln, 50935 Köln, Germany
In 
10% of natural human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) vif gene populations, sequences of shortened vif open reading frames with premature stop codons have been found. Here we report the functional analysis of two patient-derived vif genes. Vif45-2 encodes a C terminally truncated Vif protein of only 173 instead of 192 amino acids and additionally contains several rare amino acid substitutions which are in part shared by vifA65-5. HIV-1 pNL4-3-derived recombinant A45-2 and A65-5 virions were fully infectious in H9 cells and human PBMC, both known to be non-permissive for vif-defective HIV-1. Furthermore, A45-2 virions produced in primary human monocyte-derived macro-phages were infectious for MT-4 cells. This study unequivocally demonstrates that the C-terminal region (19 amino acids) of the Vif protein is dispensable for Vif function in the in vitro cell culture systems employed. Additionally, we investigated whether the Vif protein might be phosphorylated in vivo and obtained no evidence for this.
Received 29 November 1995;
accepted 5 March 1996.
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