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Journal of General Virology, Vol 79, 31-40, Copyright © 1998 by Society for General Microbiology

ARTICLES

Infection with classical swine fever virus: effects on phenotype and immune responsiveness of porcine T lymphocytes

T Pauly, M Konig, HJ Thiel and A Saalmuller
Federal Research Centre for Virus Diseases of Animals, Tubingen, Germany.

T lymphocytes obtained from pigs infected with a lethal dose of classical swine fever virus were analysed for phenotypic changes in the composition of T-cell subpopulations and for alterations in their immune responsiveness in vitro during the course of disease. Viral antigen detected in all subpopulations and the selective depletion of CD4- CD8- gamma/delta T cells showed that peripheral blood T lymphocytes were affected in the terminal stage (14-19 days post- infection) of classical swine fever whereas no implications for T lymphocytes were obvious during the first 10 days after infection. Furthermore, a depletion of CD1+ CD4+ CD8+ 'common thymocytes' was characteristic for the infected animals. Studies on immune functions of peripheral T lymphocytes revealed an abrogation of cellular immune responses as early as 3-5 days after infection and thus before detection of viral antigens in these cells. The data suggest that early immunosuppression represents a crucial event for the manifestation of classical swine fever.


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