Journal of General Virology, Vol 79, 915-923, Copyright © 1998 by Society for General Microbiology

ARTICLES

Four DNA-A variants among Pakistani isolates of cotton leaf curl virus and their affinities to DNA-A of geminivirus isolates from okra

X Zhou, Y Liu, DJ Robinson and BD Harrison
Scottish Crop Research Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, UK.

Complete DNA-A sequences of nine Pakistani geminivirus isolates from leaf curl-affected cotton (CLCuV-PK) or from okra, and the partial sequences of several additional isolates were determined. Sequences of isolates from cotton were of four types. Isolates from leaf curl- affected okra had virtually the same sequences as those from cotton. Isolates from yellow vein mosaic-affected okra were of two types (OYVMV types 201 and 301), both distinct from but closely related to the virus isolates from cotton. Of these six types, two types of CLCuV-PK are the most closely related but another (CLCuV-PK type 72b) is the most distinct. Of the encoded proteins, coat protein (CP) is the most strongly conserved (92-100% amino acid sequence identity), and AC4 protein the most variable (41-87%). The 5' and 3' halves of the intergenic region of some isolates had different affinities and occurred in seven combinations, suggesting that recombination had occurred and that the origin of replication was a favoured recombination site. Similarly, the first 1520 nt of CLCuV-PK type 804a DNA resembled those of OYVMV type 301 DNA but the remaining 1224 nt were very different. The AC1 (Rep) gene and 5' part of the intergenic region of CLCuV-PK type 72b closely resembled those of OYVMV type 301, whereas the rest of the sequence did not. The cotton leaf curl epidemic in Pakistan is caused by several distinct variants, with recombination events involving OYVMV and other unspecified geminiviruses having probably been involved in their evolution.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				T. Kon, M. R. Rojas, I. K. Abdourhamane, and R. L. Gilbertson Roles and interactions of begomoviruses and satellite DNAs associated with okra leaf curl disease in Mali, West Africa J. Gen. Virol., April 1, 2009; 90(4): 1001 - 1013. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. van der Walt, E. P. Rybicki, A. Varsani, J. E. Polston, R. Billharz, L. Donaldson, A. L. Monjane, and D. P. Martin Rapid host adaptation by extensive recombination J. Gen. Virol., March 1, 2009; 90(3): 734 - 746. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. Ge, J. Zhang, X. Zhou, and H. Li Genetic Structure and Population Variability of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl China Virus J. Virol., June 1, 2007; 81(11): 5902 - 5907. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. Morilla, B. Krenz, H. Jeske, E. R. Bejarano, and C. Wege Tete a Tete of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus and Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Sardinia Virus in Single Nuclei J. Virol., October 1, 2004; 78(19): 10715 - 10723. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				W. Preiss and H. Jeske Multitasking in Replication Is Common among Geminiviruses J. Virol., March 1, 2003; 77(5): 2972 - 2980. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. Rahman, D. Hussain, and Y. Zafar Estimation of Genetic Divergence among Elite Cotton Cultivars-Genotypes by DNA Fingerprinting Technology Crop Sci., November 1, 2002; 42(6): 2137 - 2144. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				W. H. Schnippenkoetter, D. P. Martin, J. A. Willment, and E. P. Rybicki Forced recombination between distinct strains of Maize streak virus J. Gen. Virol., December 1, 2001; 82(12): 3081 - 3090. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. C. Berrie, E. P. Rybicki, and M. E. C. Rey Complete nucleotide sequence and host range of South African cassava mosaic virus: further evidence for recombination amongst begomoviruses J. Gen. Virol., January 1, 2001; 82(1): 53 - 58. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				A. I. Sanz, A. Fraile, F. Garcia-Arenal, X. Zhou, D. J. Robinson, S. Khalid, T. Butt, and B. D. Harrison Multiple infection, recombination and genome relationships among begomovirus isolates found in cotton and other plants in Pakistan J. Gen. Virol., July 1, 2000; 81(7): 1839 - 1849. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				V. N. Fondong, J. S. Pita, M. E. C. Rey, A. de Kochko, R. N. Beachy, and C. M. Fauquet Evidence of synergism between African cassava mosaic virus and a new double-recombinant geminivirus infecting cassava in Cameroon J. Gen. Virol., January 1, 2000; 81(1): 287 - 297. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				M. J. Gibbs and G. F. Weiller Evidence that a plant virus switched hosts to infect a vertebrate and then recombined with a vertebrate-infecting virus PNAS, July 6, 1999; 96(14): 8022 - 8027. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]