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Animal: RNA Viruses |
Unité de la Rage1 and Laboratoire des Lyssavirus2, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
National Veterinary Research Institute, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland3
National Institute of Hygiene, 24 Chocimska Str., 00-791 Warsaw, Poland4
National Veterinary and Food Research Institute, PL 368, FIN-00231 Helsinki, Finland5
Wellcome Trust Centre for the Epidemiology of Infectious Disease, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK6
Author for correspondence: Hervé Bourhy.Fax +33 1 40 61 30 20. e-mail hbourhy{at}pasteur.fr
The evolution of rabies viruses of predominantly European origin was studied by comparing nucleotide sequences of the nucleoprotein and glycoprotein genes, and by typing isolates using RFLP. Phylogenetic analysis of the gene sequence data revealed a number of distinct groups, each associated with a particular geographical area. Such a pattern suggests that rabies virus has spread westwards and southwards across Europe during this century, but that physical barriers such as the Vistula river in Poland have enabled localized evolution. During this dispersal process, two species jumps took place – one into red foxes and another into raccoon dogs, although it is unclear whether virus strains are preferentially adapted to particular animal species or whether ecological forces explain the occurrence of the phylogenetic groups.
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