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Insect |
Laboratory of Virology, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Binnenhaven 11, 6709 PD Wageningen, The Netherlands1
Author for correspondence: Just Vlak. Fax +31 317 484820. e-mail just.vlak{at}medew.viro.wau.nl
The nucleotide sequence of the DNA genome of Spodoptera exigua multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (SeMNPV), a group II NPV, was determined and analysed. The genome contains 135611 bp and has a G+C content of 44 mol%. Computer-assisted analysis revealed 139 ORFs of 150 nucleotides or larger; 103 have homologues in Autographa californica MNPV (AcMNPV) and a further 16 have homologues in other baculoviruses. Twenty ORFs are unique to SeMNPV. Major differences in SeMNPV gene content and arrangement were found compared with the group I NPVs AcMNPV, Bombyx mori (Bm) NPV and Orgyia pseudotsugata (Op) MNPV and the group II NPV Lymantria dispar (Ld) MNPV. Eighty-five ORFs were conserved among all five baculoviruses and are considered as candidate core baculovirus genes. Two putative p26 and odv-e66 homologues were identified in SeMNPV, each of which appeared to have been acquired independently and not by gene duplication. The SeMNPV genome lacks homologues of the major budded virus glycoprotein gene gp64, the immediate-early transactivator ie-2 and bro (baculovirus repeat ORF) genes that are found in AcMNPV, BmNPV, OpMNPV and LdMNPV. Gene parity analysis of baculovirus genomes suggests that SeMNPV and LdMNPV have a recent common ancestor and that they are more distantly related to the group I baculoviruses AcMNPV, BmNPV and OpMNPV. The orientation of the SeMNPV genome is reversed compared with the genomes of AcMNPV, BmNPV, OpMNPV and LdMNPV. However, the gene order in the ‘central’ part of baculovirus genomes is highly conserved and appears to be a key feature in the alignment of baculovirus genomes.
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M. Westenberg, H. Wang, W. F. J. IJkel, R. W. Goldbach, J. M. Vlak, and D. Zuidema Furin Is Involved in Baculovirus Envelope Fusion Protein Activation J. Virol., January 1, 2002; 76(1): 178 - 184. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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T. Luque, R. Finch, N. Crook, D. R. O'Reilly, and D. Winstanley The complete sequence of the Cydia pomonella granulovirus genome J. Gen. Virol., October 1, 2001; 82(10): 2531 - 2547. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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H. J. R. Popham, D. S. Bischoff, and J. M. Slavicek Both Lymantria dispar Nucleopolyhedrovirus Enhancin Genes Contribute to Viral Potency J. Virol., September 15, 2001; 75(18): 8639 - 8648. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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S. L. Wormleaton and D. Winstanley Phylogenetic analysis of conserved genes within the ecdysteroid UDP-glucosyltransferase gene region of the slow-killing Adoxophyes orana granulovirus J. Gen. Virol., September 1, 2001; 82(9): 2295 - 2305. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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E. A. Herniou, T. Luque, X. Chen, J. M. Vlak, D. Winstanley, J. S. Cory, and D. R. O'Reilly Use of Whole Genome Sequence Data To Infer Baculovirus Phylogeny J. Virol., September 1, 2001; 75(17): 8117 - 8126. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. Huang and D. B. Levin Expression, purification and characterization of the Spodoptera littoralis nucleopolyhedrovirus (SpliNPV) DNA polymerase and interaction with the SpliNPV non-hr origin of DNA replication J. Gen. Virol., July 1, 2001; 82(7): 1767 - 1776. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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B. A. Moser, J. J. Becnel, S. E. White, C. Afonso, G. Kutish, S. Shanker, and E. Almira Morphological and molecular evidence that Culex nigripalpus baculovirus is an unusual member of the family Baculoviridae J. Gen. Virol., February 1, 2001; 82(2): 283 - 297. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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X. Chen, W. F. J. IJkel, R. Tarchini, X. Sun, H. Sandbrink, H. Wang, S. Peters, D. Zuidema, R. K. Lankhorst, J. M. Vlak, et al. The sequence of the Helicoverpa armigera single nucleocapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus genome J. Gen. Virol., January 1, 2001; 82(1): 241 - 257. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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R. Ko, K. Okano, and S. Maeda Structural and Functional Analysis of the Xestia c-nigrum Granulovirus Matrix Metalloproteinase J. Virol., December 1, 2000; 74(23): 11240 - 11246. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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X. Dai, J. P. Hajós, N. N. Joosten, M. M. van Oers, W. F. J. IJkel, D. Zuidema, Y. Pang, and J. M. Vlak Isolation of a Spodoptera exigua baculovirus recombinant with a 10{middle dot}6 kbp genome deletion that retains biological activity J. Gen. Virol., October 1, 2000; 81(10): 2545 - 2554. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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 H. S. Malik, S. Henikoff, and T. H. Eickbush Poised for Contagion: Evolutionary Origins of the Infectious Abilities of Invertebrate Retroviruses Genome Res., September 1, 2000; 10(9): 1307 - 1318. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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E. A. Zemskov, W. Kang, and S. Maeda Evidence for Nucleic Acid Binding Ability and Nucleosome Association of Bombyx mori Nucleopolyhedrovirus BRO Proteins J. Virol., August 1, 2000; 74(15): 6784 - 6789. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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L. Li and G. F. Rohrmann Characterization of a Baculovirus Alkaline Nuclease J. Virol., July 15, 2000; 74(14): 6401 - 6407. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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M. N. Pearson, C. Groten, and G. F. Rohrmann Identification of the Lymantria dispar Nucleopolyhedrovirus Envelope Fusion Protein Provides Evidence for a Phylogenetic Division of the Baculoviridae J. Virol., July 1, 2000; 74(13): 6126 - 6131. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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M. C. W. van Hulten, M.-F. Tsai, C. A. Schipper, C.-F. Lo, G.-H. Kou, and J. M. Vlak Analysis of a genomic segment of white spot syndrome virus of shrimp containing ribonucleotide reductase genes and repeat regions J. Gen. Virol., February 1, 2000; 81(2): 307 - 316. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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M. J. Wishart and J. E. Dixon The archetype STYX/dead-phosphatase complexes with a spermatid mRNA-binding protein and is essential for normal sperm production PNAS, February 19, 2002; 99(4): 2112 - 2117. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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