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Journal of General Virology, Vol 80, 857-861, Copyright © 1999 by Society for General Microbiology

ARTICLES

Detection of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 after infection of unstimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells

SZ Shapiro, T Maudru and KW Peden
Laboratory of Retrovirus Research, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.

Application of a highly sensitive PCR-based reverse transcriptase (RT) assay to the analysis of the infection of CD4+ cell lines with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) demonstrated that virus production can be detected as early as 24 h after infection. Most of the signal at 24 h was due to virus production, as it could be substantially reduced by prior treatment with the RT inhibitor zidovudine. Virus production at 24 and 48 h was unaffected by the protease inhibitor indinavir. Infection of unstimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with a macrophage-tropic HIV-1 isolate yielded increasing virus production for 2-3 weeks, while infection with a T-cell line-tropic isolate yielded only low and sporadic virus production. Productive infection of unstimulated PBMC by the macrophage- tropic virus required functional Gag matrix and Vpr proteins; therefore, the monocyte-derived macrophage is probably the virus- producing cell in these cultures.


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