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Characteristics of a new birnavirus associated with a warm-water fish cell line

Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK¹

Author for correspondence: K. Riji John. Present address: Fisheries College and Research Institute, Tuticorin, 628 008 India. Fax +91 461 323187. e-mail rijijohn{at}vsnl.com

A warm-water fish cell line developed from blotched snakehead caudal peduncle (BSN) was found to have persistent birnavirus infection. Purified virus particles were of icosahedral shape and had 57±1·6 nm diameter. The BSN virus was resistant to 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine and induced yellowish-green cytoplasmic inclusions when stained with acridine orange. The virus was resistant to chloroform, acid and alkaline pH and heat treatment at 56 °C for 2 h. Purified virions had a buoyant density of 1·33 g/ml in CsCl and contained two genomic segments with molecular masses of 2·56x10⁶ and 2·00x10⁶ Da and four structural polypeptides of 112 (polyprotein, PP), 91 (VP1), 44 (VP2) and 37 (VP3) kDa. Reciprocal ß cross-neutralization tests incorporating four classical strains of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) (WB, Sp, Ab and TV-1) and the BSN virus established the complete serological distinctness of the virus from IPNV. Considering the uniqueness of the virus, the name blotched snakehead virus is proposed for this agent.

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