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A study of primary neuronal infection by mutants of herpes simplex virus type 1 lacking dispensable and non-dispensable glycoproteins

Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK¹
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire de Genetique des Virus, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France²

Author for correspondence: Tony Minson.Fax +44 1223 336 926. e-mail acm{at}mole.bio.cam.ac.uk

Cultures of primary rat dorsal root ganglia neurones were inoculated with various doses of herpes simplex virus mutants deficient in glycoproteins B, D, H, C, G, E, I or J, and the proportion of infected neurones was determined. The behaviour of these mutants on primary neurones was broadly similar to their behaviour on fibroblasts or epithelial cells. Thus, virions lacking the `non-dispensable' glycoproteins B, D or H were incapable of infecting primary neurones, whereas mutants lacking glycoproteins G, E, I or J infected primary neurones with the same efficiency as wild-type virions. Two independently derived mutants lacking gC displayed a marginal phenotype, infecting neurones with a five- to tenfold reduced efficiency relative to wild-type virus and relative to non-neuronal cells in the same cultures. We conclude that the virion glycoprotein requirements for infection of mammalian neurones are similar to those required for infection of fibroblasts and epithelial cells but that glycoprotein C may enhance infection of neurones.

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