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Animal: DNA Viruses |
Center for Virology, Immunology, and Infectious Disease Research (Room 5720)1 and Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Disease Research2, Children’s Research Institute, Children’s National Medical Center, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, 111 Michigan Ave NW, Washington, DC 20010, USA
Author for correspondence: Anamaris Colberg-Poley. Fax +1 202 884 3985. e-mail acolberg{at}cnmc.org
The human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) UL36–38 immediate-early (IE) locus encodes the UL37 exon 1 (pUL37x1) and UL37 (gpUL37) regulatory proteins, which have anti-apoptotic activities. pUL37x1 shares its entire sequence, including a hydrophobic leader and an acidic domain, with the exception of one residue, with the amino terminus of gpUL37. gpUL37 has, in addition, unique N-linked glycosylation, transmembrane and cytosolic domains. A rabbit polyvalent antiserum was generated against residues 27–40 in the shared amino-terminal domain and a mouse polyvalent antiserum was generated against the full-length protein to study trafficking of individual UL37 proteins in human cells that transiently expressed gpUL37 or pUL37x1. Co-localization studies by confocal laser scanning microscopy detected trafficking of gpUL37 and pUL37x1 from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus in permissive U373 cells and in human diploid fibroblasts (HFF). Trafficking of gpUL37 to the cellular plasma membrane was detected in unfixed HFF cells. FLAG-tagged gpUL37 trafficked similarly through the secretory apparatus to the plasma membrane. By using confocal microscopy and immunoblotting of fractionated cells, gpUL37 and pUL37x1 were found to co-localize with mitochondria in human cells. This unconventional dual trafficking pattern through the secretory apparatus and to mitochondria is novel for herpesvirus IE regulatory proteins.
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  P. Bozidis, C. D. Williamson, and A. M. Colberg-Poley Mitochondrial and Secretory Human Cytomegalovirus UL37 Proteins Traffic into Mitochondrion-Associated Membranes of Human Cells J. Virol., March 15, 2008; 82(6): 2715 - 2726. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. S. Mavinakere, C. D. Williamson, V. S. Goldmacher, and A. M. Colberg-Poley Processing of Human Cytomegalovirus UL37 Mutant Glycoproteins in the Endoplasmic Reticulum Lumen prior to Mitochondrial Importation J. Virol., July 15, 2006; 80(14): 6771 - 6783. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. Reboredo, R. F. Greaves, and G. Hahn Human cytomegalovirus proteins encoded by UL37 exon 1 protect infected fibroblasts against virus-induced apoptosis and are required for efficient virus replication J. Gen. Virol., December 1, 2004; 85(12): 3555 - 3567. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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B. Schwer, S. Ren, T. Pietschmann, J. Kartenbeck, K. Kaehlcke, R. Bartenschlager, T. S. B. Yen, and M. Ott Targeting of Hepatitis C Virus Core Protein to Mitochondria through a Novel C-Terminal Localization Motif J. Virol., August 1, 2004; 78(15): 7958 - 7968. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. S. Mavinakere and A. M. Colberg-Poley Internal cleavage of the human cytomegalovirus UL37 immediate-early glycoprotein and divergent trafficking of its proteolytic fragments J. Gen. Virol., July 1, 2004; 85(7): 1989 - 1994. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. S. Mavinakere and A. M. Colberg-Poley Dual targeting of the human cytomegalovirus UL37 exon 1 protein during permissive infection J. Gen. Virol., February 1, 2004; 85(2): 323 - 329. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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R. Adair, G. W. Liebisch, and A. M. Colberg-Poley Complex alternative processing of human cytomegalovirus UL37 pre-mRNA J. Gen. Virol., December 1, 2003; 84(12): 3353 - 3358. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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Y. Su, R. Adair, C. N. Davis, N. L. DiFronzo, and A. M. Colberg-Poley Convergence of RNA cis Elements and Cellular Polyadenylation Factors in the Regulation of Human Cytomegalovirus UL37 Exon 1 Unspliced RNA Production J. Virol., December 1, 2003; 77(23): 12729 - 12741. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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W. Brune, M. Nevels, and T. Shenk Murine Cytomegalovirus m41 Open Reading Frame Encodes a Golgi-Localized Antiapoptotic Protein J. Virol., November 1, 2003; 77(21): 11633 - 11643. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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Y. Su, J. R. Testaverde, C. N. Davis, W. A. Hayajneh, R. Adair, and A. M. Colberg-Poley Human cytomegalovirus UL37 immediate early target minigene RNAs are accurately spliced and polyadenylated J. Gen. Virol., January 1, 2003; 84(1): 29 - 39. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. L. McCormick, V. L. Smith, D. Chow, and E. S. Mocarski Disruption of Mitochondrial Networks by the Human Cytomegalovirus UL37 Gene Product Viral Mitochondrion-Localized Inhibitor of Apoptosis J. Virol., December 6, 2002; 77(1): 631 - 641. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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W. A. Hayajneh, D. G. Contopoulos-Ioannidis, M. M. Lesperance, A. M. Venegas, and A. M. Colberg-Poley The carboxyl terminus of the human cytomegalovirus UL37 immediate-early glycoprotein is conserved in primary strains and is important for transactivation J. Gen. Virol., July 1, 2001; 82(7): 1569 - 1579. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. Lee, J. Xiao, E. Haghjoo, X. Zhan, G. Abenes, T. Tuong, W. Dunn, and F. Liu Murine Cytomegalovirus Containing a Mutation at Open Reading Frame M37 Is Severely Attenuated in Growth and Virulence In Vivo J. Virol., December 1, 2000; 74(23): 11099 - 11107. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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