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Animal: DNA Viruses |
Molecular Medicine Unit, University of Leeds, St James’s University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK1
Author for correspondence: Adrian Whitehouse. Fax +44 113 244 4475. e-mail a.whitehouse{at}leeds.ac.uk
Herpesvirus saimiri (HVS) ORF 57 is homologous to genes identified in all classes of herpesviruses. We have previously shown that ORF 57 encodes a multifunctional protein, responsible for both transactivation and repression of viral gene expression at a post-transcriptional level. This suggests that the ORF 57 protein shares some functional similarities with the herpes simplex virus IE63/ICP27 and Epstein–Barr virus Mta proteins. However, little is known about the functional domains responsible for the properties of ORF 57 due to the limited homology shared between these proteins. In this report, we have identified the functional domains responsible for transactivation and repression by the ORF 57 protein. We demonstrate that the carboxy terminus is required for ORF 57 transactivation, repression and an intense SC-35 nuclear spotting. This region contains two highly conserved motifs amongst its homologues, a zinc finger-like motif and a highly hydrophobic domain. We further show that the hydrophobic domain is required for transactivation and is also involved in nuclear localization of the ORF 57 protein, whereas the zinc finger-like domain is required for transactivation, repression and the intense SC-35 nuclear spotting.
This article has been cited by other articles:
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  K. J. Colgan, J. R. Boyne, and A. Whitehouse Uncoupling of hTREX demonstrates that UAP56 and hTHO-complex recruitment onto herpesvirus saimiri intronless transcripts is required for replication J. Gen. Virol., June 1, 2009; 90(6): 1455 - 1460. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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K. J. Colgan, J. R. Boyne, and A. Whitehouse Identification of a response element in a herpesvirus saimiri mRNA recognized by the ORF57 protein J. Gen. Virol., March 1, 2009; 90(3): 596 - 601. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 W.-J. Liu, Y.-S. Chang, H.-C. Wang, J.-H. Leu, G.-H. Kou, and C.-F. Lo Transactivation, Dimerization, and DNA-Binding Activity of White Spot Syndrome Virus Immediate-Early Protein IE1 J. Virol., November 15, 2008; 82(22): 11362 - 11373. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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R. Griffiths and A. Whitehouse Herpesvirus Saimiri Episomal Persistence Is Maintained via Interaction between Open Reading Frame 73 and the Cellular Chromosome-Associated Protein MeCP2 J. Virol., April 15, 2007; 81(8): 4021 - 4032. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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P. Malik, D. J. Blackbourn, M. F. Cheng, G. S. Hayward, and J. B. Clements Functional co-operation between the Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus ORF57 and ORF50 regulatory proteins J. Gen. Virol., August 1, 2004; 85(8): 2155 - 2166. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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V. Ruvolo, L. Sun, K. Howard, S. Sung, H.-J. Delecluse, W. Hammerschmidt, and S. Swaminathan Functional Analysis of Epstein-Barr Virus SM Protein: Identification of Amino Acids Essential for Structure, Transactivation, Splicing Inhibition, and Virion Production J. Virol., January 1, 2004; 78(1): 340 - 352. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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 D. J. Goodwin and A. Whitehouse A gamma -2 Herpesvirus Nucleocytoplasmic Shuttle Protein Interacts with Importin alpha 1 and alpha 5 J. Biol. Chem., June 1, 2001; 276(23): 19905 - 19912. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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