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Journal of General Virology (2001), 82, 821-830.
© 2001 Society for General Microbiology

Animal: RNA Viruses

Analysis of the molecules involved in human T-cell leukaemia virus type 1 entry by a vesicular stomatitis virus pseudotype bearing its envelope glycoproteins

Kazu Okuma1, Yoshiharu Matsuura3, Hironobu Tatsuo1, Yoshio Inagaki4, Minoru Nakamura2, Naoki Yamamoto4 and Yusuke Yanagi1

Department of Virology1 and Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science2, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 812-8582, Fukuoka, Japan
Research Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, 565-0871, Osaka, Japan3
Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 113-0034, Tokyo, Japan4

Author for correspondence: Kazu Okuma. Fax +81 92 642 6140. e-mail kazu{at}virology.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp

Cellular entry of human T-cell leukaemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) was studied by a quantitative assay system using vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) pseudotypes in which a recombinant VSV (VSV{Delta}G*) containing the gene for green fluorescent protein instead of the VSV G protein gene was complemented with viral envelope glycoproteins in trans. Most of the cell lines tested showed susceptibility to VSV{Delta}G* complemented with either HTLV-1 envelope glycoproteins (VSV{Delta}G*-Env) or VSV G protein (VSV{Delta}G*-G), but not to VSV{Delta}G* alone, indicating that cell-free HTLV-1 could infect many cell types from several species. High concentration pronase treatment of cells reduced their susceptibility to VSV{Delta}G*-Env, while trypsin treatment, apparently, did not. Treatment of the cells with sodium periodate, heparinase, heparitinase, phospholipase A2 or phospholipase C reduced the susceptibility of cells to VSV{Delta}G*-Env, but not to VSV{Delta}G* complemented with measles virus (Edmonston strain) H and F proteins (VSV{Delta}G*-EdHF), which was used as a control. Purified phosphatidylcholine also inhibited the infectivity of VSV{Delta}G*-Env, but not VSV{Delta}G*-G. These findings indicated that, in addition to cell surface proteins, glycosaminoglycans and phospholipids play an important role in the process of cell-free HTLV-1 entry.




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