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Journal of General Virology (2002), 83, 45-52.
© 2002 Society for General Microbiology

Animal: RNA Viruses

Coxsackie B viruses that use human DAF as a receptor infect pig cells via pig CAR and do not use pig DAF

O. Brad Spiller1, Ian G. Goodfellow2, David J. Evans2, Stewart J. Hinchliffe1 and B. Paul Morgan1

Complement Biology Group, Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Wales College of Medicine, 3rd floor Tenovus Building, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XX, UK1
Division of Virology, Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Church Street, Glasgow G11 5JR, UK2

Author for correspondence: Brad Spiller. Fax +44 2920 744305. e-mail SpillerB{at}cardiff.ac.uk

Coxsackie B viruses (CVB) are enteroviruses belonging to the family Picornaviridae. Serotypes 1, 3 and 5 of CVB bind to the human membrane complement regulator decay-accelerating factor (DAF) and the coxsackievirus/adenovirus receptor (CAR), using either or both as receptors. These viruses are known to infect pig cell lines, but the receptor(s) involved has not been identified. We have recently characterized the pig homologue of DAF and here explore the interactions of human DAF-binding CVB with pig homologues of DAF and CAR. CVB infection of three pig cell lines resulted in cytolysis, which could be not be blocked by anti-pig DAF antibodies. CVB bound to CHO cells transfected with human DAF, but not pig DAF. Modification of pig DAF by incorporation of the fourth short consensus repeat of human DAF did not confer CVB-binding capacity. CVB did bind CHO cells expressing pig or human CAR, and pre-incubation of pig cells with anti-CAR antibody blocked CVB infection.




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