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Natural killer cell activation after infection with lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus

Unit of Experimental Medicine¹ and Unit of Cellular Genetics², Institute for Cellular Pathology, Université Catholique de Louvain, UCL MEXP 7430, Av. Hippocrate 74, 1200 Bruxelles, Belgium

Author for correspondence: Jean-Paul Coutelier. Fax +32 2 764 7430. e-mail coutelier{at}mexp.ucl.ac.be

Early after infection, lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus (LDV) alters the immune system by polyclonally activating B lymphocytes, which leads to IgG2a-restricted hypergammaglobulinaemia, and by suppressing the secretion of Th2 cytokines. Considering that these alterations may involve cells of the innate immune system and cytokines such as interferon-gamma (IFN-), we analysed the effect of LDV on natural killer (NK) cells. Within a few days of infection, a strong and transient NK cell activation, characterized by enhanced IFN- message expression and cytolysis, was observed. LDV triggered a large increase in serum IFN- levels. Because NK cells and IFN- may participate in the defence against virus infection, we analysed their possible role in the control of LDV titres with a new agglutination assay. Our results indicate that neither the activation of NK cells nor the IFN- secretion affect the early and rapid virus replication that follows LDV inoculation.

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