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Modification of primary and recurrent genital herpes in guinea pigs by passive immunization

Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039, USA¹

Author for correspondence: Nigel Bourne. Present address: Sealy Center for Vaccine Development, Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555-0436, USA. Fax +1 409 7478150. e-mail nibourne{at}utmb.edu

Guinea pigs were administered antiserum 24 h (As+24) or 72 h (As+72) after intravaginal herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) challenge. Treatment at either time reduced acute virus replication in the dorsal root ganglia and the overall magnitude of replication in the genital tract. In two studies, As+24 treatment significantly reduced the severity of primary genital skin disease and the frequency of subsequent spontaneous recurrent disease. In contrast, As+72 treatment produced a modest reduction in primary disease severity but did not impact on recurrent disease. Quantitative PCR analysis of dorsal root ganglia DNA from latently infected animals showed that As+24 treatment produced a significantly reduced viral DNA burden, which appeared to correlate with the reduction in recurrent disease. The amount of DNA in the ganglia of As+72-treated animals was not significantly lower than that of controls. These observations have implications for both the dynamics of latency establishment and desirable vaccine characteristics.

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