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Interaction of the Cro repressor with the lysis/lysogeny switch of the Lactobacillus casei temperate bacteriophage A2

Area de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería s. n., 33006 Oviedo, Spain¹
Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Campus de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain²

Author for correspondence: Juan Suárez. Fax +34 985 103148. e-mail jsuarez{at}correo.uniovi.es

The transcriptional switch region of Lactobacillus casei temperate bacteriophage A2 contains three similar 20 bp operator subsites, O₁, O₂ and O₃, which are interspersed between the divergent promoters P_R and P_L. The Cro protein binds initially to O₃, which overlaps the -35 region of P_L, excluding the RNA polymerase (^A-RNAP) from it. This results in the switching off of cI transcription and directs the incoming phage into the lytic cycle. At higher concentrations, Cro also binds to O₁ and/or O₂, which overlap P_R, probably introducing a bend in the intervening DNA. This interaction induces DNA looping, which provokes the subsequent displacement of ^A-RNAP from P_R. Consequently, Cro abolishes the binding of ^A-RNAP to the genetic switch of A2 and, presumably, its own synthesis, contributing indirectly to the entry of phage development into its late stages.

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