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Co-expression of interleukin-5 influences replication of simian/human immunodeficiency viruses in vivo

Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan¹
Department of Microbiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan²

Author for correspondence: Tomoyuki Miura. Fax +81 75 761 9335. e-mail tmiura{at}virus.kyoto-u.ac.jp

The positive effect of the co-expression of T helper (Th) cell type 2 cytokine interleukin-5 (IL-5) on nef-deleted simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) replication in vitro has been observed previously. To analyse whether the growth advantage of IL-5-containing SHIV (NI-IL5) in vitro would be relevant in vivo, the virus was inoculated into monkeys. Three rhesus macaques were inoculated intravenously with 10⁴ TCID₅₀ of NI-IL5. Results were compared with those obtained previously from SHIV NM-3rN (intact) and SHIV-dn (nef-deleted)-infected monkeys. Cytokine production, analysed by IL-5 ELISA, showed a twofold increase in IL-5 concentration in the plasma soon after the peak of virus replication. Virus replication and antibody production were greater in monkeys inoculated with IL-5-expressing SHIV than in monkeys inoculated with nef-deleted SHIV without IL-5. These findings show a stimulation of SHIV replication by co-expression of IL-5 and suggest the important role of Th2-type cytokines in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.

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				H. Akiyama, E. Ido, W. Akahata, T. Kuwata, T. Miura, and M. Hayami Construction and in vivo infection of a new simian/human immunodeficiency virus chimera containing the reverse transcriptase gene and the 3' half of the genomic region of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 J. Gen. Virol., July 1, 2003; 84(7): 1663 - 1669. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]