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Journal of General Virology (2002), 83, 1783-1790.
© 2002 Society for General Microbiology

Plant

Regulated nuclear targeting of cauliflower mosaic virus

Aletta Karsies1, Thomas Merkle2, Boris Szurek3, Ulla Bonas3, Thomas Hohn1 and Denis Leclerc4

Friedrich Miescher Institute, PO Box 2543,CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland1
Institut für Biologie II, Zellbiologie, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany2
Institute of Genetics, Martin-Luther University, 06120 Halle, Germany3
Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université Laval, Ste-Foy, Qc, G1V 4G2, Canada4

Author for correspondence: Thomas Hohn. Fax +41 61 6973976. e-mail hohn{at}fmi.ch

The mature cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) capsid protein (CP), if expressed in the absence of other viral proteins, is transported into the plant cell nucleus by the action of a nuclear localization signal (NLS) close to the N terminus. In contrast, virus particles do not enter the nucleus, but dock at the nuclear membrane, a process inhibited by anti-NLS antibodies or by GTP{gamma}S, and apparently mediated by interaction of CP with host importin {alpha}. The very acidic N-terminal extension of the viral CP precursor inhibits nuclear targeting of the protein and hence the precursor is localized in the cytoplasm. We hypothesize that this provides a control mechanism which ensures that the CP precursor is used for virus assembly in the cytoplasm and that only mature virus particles reach the nuclear pore.




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